Rwanda

History: Rwanda is a small, landlocked country located in East Africa, with a rich and complex history. It was first inhabited by the Twa, a group of hunter-gatherers, who were later joined by the Hutu and Tutsi ethnic groups. The Kingdom of Rwanda was established in the 11th century, and the country was colonized by Germany in the late 19th century, followed by Belgium after World War I. The Belgian colonial administration favored the minority Tutsi ethnic group over the majority Hutu, which exacerbated tensions between the two groups. Rwanda gained independence in 1962, and a Hutu-led government was established. Longstanding ethnic tensions culminated in the 1994 Rwandan genocide, during which approximately 800,000 Tutsis and moderate Hutus were killed in a 100-day period.

Present: Since the genocide, Rwanda has made significant progress in terms of political stability, economic growth, and social development under the leadership of the Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF), led by President Paul Kagame. The country has focused on developing its infrastructure, technology, and tourism industries, and has become one of the fastest-growing economies in Africa. However, concerns about political repression and human rights abuses persist.

Future: Rwanda's future appears promising, with ambitious plans to continue its transformation into a middle-income country by 2035 and a high-income country by 2050. To achieve these goals, the government has outlined a strategic plan called "Vision 2050," focusing on improving education, healthcare, infrastructure, agriculture, and technology.

Population: As of 2021, the population of Rwanda was estimated to be around 13 million people, with a high population density due to its relatively small size. The majority of the population belongs to the Hutu ethnic group (approximately 84%), followed by the Tutsi (approximately 15%) and the Twa (less than 1%).

Location: Rwanda is a landlocked country located in East Africa, bordered by Uganda to the north, Tanzania to the east, Burundi to the south, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the west. Its total area is approximately 26,338 square kilometers (10,169 square miles).

Top Export: Rwanda's top exports include agricultural products, such as coffee, tea, and vegetables, as well as minerals like tin, tungsten, and coltan. The country has also experienced growth in its services sector, particularly in tourism, which is supported by its rich biodiversity and attractions like the Volcanoes National Park, home to the endangered mountain gorillas.